Expression and significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective To detect the expression and significance of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Methods Totally 40 women with GDM, who delivered through cesarean section at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2012 to May 2013, were selected as the GDM group, and another 40 normal pregnant women were chosen as control. The serum levels of fasting plasma glucose(FPG), fasting insulin(FIN), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) were determined in the women of both groups. Natural logarithm of insulin resistance index[ln(HOMA-IR)] was calculated. The expression of PPAR- β mRNA and protein in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were investigated. The statistical data was analyzed with independent - samples t test and Pearson correlation analysis. Results The levels of FPG, FIN,ln(HOMA-IR), TG and LDL-C in GDM group were all significantly higher than those in control group(t=4.447,20.435,12.076,1.482,3.041, all P 0.05). The expression of PPAR-β mRNA and protein in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue were both significantly lower than those in control group(0.48±0.13 vs 0.80±0.09, 0.46±0.14 vs 0.80±0.08, 0.48±0.11 vs 0.83±0.07, 0.46±0.12 vs 0.86± 0.11, respectively,t=- 12.483,- 13.185,- 16.931,- 15.560, all P<0.05). In GDM group, the expression of PPAR- β mRNA in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was nagtively correlated with the levels of ln(HOMA- IR), TG and LDL- C(r=- 0.696 to- 0.498,P<0.01), while it was positively correlated with the level of HDL-C(r=0.551,0.551,P<0.01).The expression of PPAR-β protein in rectus abdominis and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was nagtively correlated with the levels of ln(HOMA- IR), TG and LDL-C(r=-0.916 to -0.717,P<0.01), while it was positively correlated with the level of HDL-C (r=0.716,0.863,P<0.01). Conclusions The pregnant women with GDM have obvious dyslipidaemia. The decrease of the expressions of PPAR-β is prabablely involved in the insulin resistance of GDM, moreover, it is closely related to dyslipidaemia in GDM patients. Key words: Diabetes, gestational; Peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor β; Dyslipidaemia; Insulin resistance