Abstract
Background Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is an important molecule of the insulin signal transduction pathway and has been associated with the occurrence and development of many tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study was designed to determine the expression and significance of IRS-1 in human HCC. Methods Two hundred and forty specimens were drawn from 140 patients, including 100 HCC tissues and 100 paracancerous (PC) tissues from 100 HCC patients, 20 liver cirrhosis (LC) tissues from 20 LC patients, and 20 chronic hepatitis (CH) tissues from 20 CH patients. Baseline and pathological characteristics were included, and the expression of IRS-1 was examined by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Binary logistic regression model calculation was used for multivariate analysis. Results The total positive rates of IRS-1 expression were 41.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, and 10.0% in HCC, PC, LC and CH tissues, respectively. IRS-1-positive signals were brown in color and located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Compared with PC, LC, and CH tissues, a significantly increased expression was observed in human HCC tissues (P < 0.001, P = 0.028, and P = 0.008). Eight of the total 240 specimens had the strong immunostaining of IRS-1 expression, and all of them were HCC tissues. After control of the age, gender, and HBV and HCV infection, IRS-1 expression was independently associated with the diagnosis of HCC (OR 6.60, 95% CI 2.243-19.425, P = 0.001). Conclusions Positive expression of IRS-1 in HCC was increased significantly and may play an important role in the occurrence and development of human HCC.
Highlights
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent malignant cancer of liver and is one of the major causes of tumor-related mortality, in China [1,2,3]
Patients who followed these criteria were included: (1) those who had undergone surgical treatment because of tumor or other diseases and the surgical specimens could satisfy the need of scientific research and experiments; (2) those who had not been treated with any tumor-associated therapies before surgery; (3) hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver cirrhosis (LC), and chronic hepatitis were diagnosed by pathological examination; (4) those who had no presence of other malignancies, including lymphoma and leukemia; and (5) those who had no other severe disease, including heart, lung, brain, kidney, rheumatic, or allergic disorders
Diabetes has been identified as one risk factor for HCC, and Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is an important molecule of the insulin signal transduction pathway of Diabetes mellitus (DM)
Summary
Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) is an important molecule of the insulin signal transduction pathway and has been associated with the occurrence and development of many tumors, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our study was designed to determine the expression and significance of IRS-1 in human HCC. The total positive rates of IRS-1 expression were 41.0%, 17.0%, 15.0%, and 10.0% in HCC, PC, LC and CH tissues, respectively. IRS-1-positive signals were brown in color and located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Eight of the total 240 specimens had the strong immunostaining of IRS-1 expression, and all of them were HCC tissues. Positive expression of IRS-1 in HCC was increased significantly and may play an important role in the occurrence and development of human HCC
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