Expression and characterization of PrnC—a flavin-dependent halogenase from the pyrrolnitrin biosynthetic pathway of Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5

Abstract

Introduction: The antimicrobial pyrrolnitrin from Pseudomonas strains is formed in four steps from tryptophan and comprises two flavin-dependent halogenases. Both PrnC and PrnA can carry out regioselective chlorination and bromination and are carrier protein-independent. Whilst the tryptophan halogenase PrnA has been studied in detail in the past, this study focuses on the pyrrole halogenating enzyme PrnC.Methods: The halogenating enzyme PrnC, as well as the essential electron suppliers, the flavin reductases, have been produced soluble in E. coli. Furthermore, a screening of a rational compound library revealed that the pyrrole is essential for substrate recognition; however, the substitution pattern of the benzene ring is not limiting the catalysis.Results and discussion: This renders PrnC to be a synthetically valuable enzyme for the synthesis of pyrrolnitrin congeners. For its natural substrate monodechloroaminopyrrolnitrin (MDA), the KM value was determined as 14.4 ± 1.2 µM and a kcat of 1.66 ± 0.02 min−1, which is comparable to other halogenases.