Exposure to Zearalenone Leads to Metabolic Disruption and Changes in Circulating Adipokines Concentrations in Pigs.

Veronika Nagl,Maximiliane Dippel,Laura Soler,Bertrand Grenier,Isabelle P Oswald,Moritz Bünger,Philippe Pinton,Ursula Ruczizka

doi:10.3390/toxins13110790

Abstract

Zearalenone (ZEN) is a mycotoxin classified as an endocrine disruptor. Many endocrine disruptors are also metabolic disruptors able to modulate energy balance and inflammatory processes in a process often involving a family of protein hormones known as adipokines. The aim of our study was to elucidate the role of ZEN as metabolic disruptor in pigs by investigating the changes in energy balance and adipokines levels in response to different treatment diets. To this end, weaned piglets (n = 10/group) were exposed to either basal feed or feed contaminated with 680 and 1620 µg/kg ZEN for 28 days. Serum samples collected at days 7 and 21 were subjected to biochemistry analysis, followed by determination of adipokine levels using a combined approach of protein array and ELISA. Results indicate that ZEN has an impact on lipid and glucose metabolism that was different depending on the dose and time of exposure. In agreement with these changes, ZEN altered circulating adipokines concentrations, inducing significant changes in adiponectin, resistin, and fetuin B. Our results suggest that ZEN may function as a natural metabolism-disrupting chemical.

Highlights

Introduction published maps and institutional affilThe term endocrine disruptors (EDs) refers to those natural or synthetic chemicals that mimic, block, or interfere with hormones in the body’s endocrine system
Obesity is a complex endocrine disease that is caused by the disruption of many hormonal control systems, and it is related with the development of the condition known as metabolic syndrome, which includes a myriad of symptoms such as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia
Our results showed that ZEN is able to prompt changes in lipid metabolism without inducing liver damage

Summary

Introduction

The term endocrine disruptors (EDs) refers to those natural or synthetic chemicals that mimic, block, or interfere with hormones in the body’s endocrine system. Exposure to EDs influences the regulation of body homeostasis and contributes to promote a myriad of health issues [1]. Recent epidemiological and experimental data indicate that exposure to specific EDs, known as metabolism disrupting chemicals (MDCs), can influence metabolism, contributing to the incidence of obesity as well as causing metabolic diseases such as diabetes or fatty liver disease [2]. The role as MDCs of naturally occurring EDs such as phytoestrogens [5] and mycoestrogens [6] remains relatively unexplored. The structure of the mycoestrogen ZEN resembles the iations

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