Exposure effects on production and perception development for the learners of English as a second language.

Abstract

Exposure effects for L2 production and perception development were examined. Two types of intervowel VCV stop voicing with different accents (iambus and trochee) were presented to ten English native speakers, ten English‐learning Korean university students who had residence experience in America, and ten English‐learning Korean university students who had no residence experience in America. Results showed that L2 patterns of Korean students’ production and perception with residence experience in America were in between the English native speakers and the Korean students without residence experience. However, the asymmetrical development patterns between the production and perception for the two Korean groups could be found. In the production tests, the prosodic factor deeply influences on the asymmetrical development. The difference is in the trochee pattern rather than in the iambic pattern. It means that residence experience improves prosody knowledge in their production. Also this effect has some influence on both the temporal and fundamental frequency features but not on the formant features. The acoustic difference could be seen in the perception tests, too. We could not find any difference in the identification test of the word‐medial iambic environment. Rather the difference could be found in the cue influence test in the trochaic environment.