Abstract
The viral restriction factor SERINC5 inhibits HIV-1 infection via unknown mechanisms. Sood and co-workers now show that SERINC5 suppresses HIV-1 fusogenicity and increases sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies by perturbing the folding of the fusion machinery. This work advances our understanding of host-virus interactions and provides a compelling case for considering the host immune system in studies of restriction factor mechanisms.
Highlights
The viral restriction factor SERINC5 inhibits HIV-1 infection via unknown mechanisms
In 2015, back-to-back publications revealed the identities of the Nef-targeted host factors to be SERINC5 and SERINC3 [2, 3]; the SERINC proteins are multipass membrane-spanning proteins, of which little is known beyond a role in the synthesis of serine-containing lipids
It has been reported that many primary isolates of HIV-1 are resistant to this fusion-defect and that resistance is conferred by the envelope glycoprotein (Env) in the viral membrane [6]
Summary
The viral restriction factor SERINC5 inhibits HIV-1 infection via unknown mechanisms. Sood and co-workers show that SERINC5 suppresses HIV-1 fusogenicity and increases sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies by perturbing the folding of the fusion machinery.
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