Abstract

This research presents a regional analysis of cycling behaviour, relating to both work and nonwork trips, in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), Canada. A set of negative binomial regressions were estimated using travel data from the 2011 Transportation Tomorrow Survey, which identified several socio-demographic, built environment and trip characteristics correlated with cycling rates. In general, the results indicated that the neighbourhood environment and travel distance had more important influences on work trips in comparison to non-work trips. Additionally, the model outcomes were mapped, a process that helped identify local differences in the propensity of cycling across the GTHA region. This study proposes an easy-to-implement analytical framework to enable examination of cycling behaviour and identification of cycle-friendly communities, at a regional scale, and perhaps systematically direct limited resources available to improve cycling rates by targeted localities across a metropolitan region with suitable socio-demographic and built environment characteristics.

Highlights

  • IntroductionThe evidence from researchers and support from urban planners, policy makers, and activists in favor of active transportation (e.g., walking and cycling) has been mounting in recent years

  • The evidence from researchers and support from urban planners, policy makers, and activists in favor of active transportation has been mounting in recent years

  • Cycling behaviour relating to both work and non-work trips, for 1,321 census tract (CT) in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA), was explored using the 2011 Transportation Tomorrow Survey (TTS) data

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Summary

Introduction

The evidence from researchers and support from urban planners, policy makers, and activists in favor of active transportation (e.g., walking and cycling) has been mounting in recent years. While cycling has become a major mode of transportation in some western countries like Germany, Denmark, and the Netherlands, the rates remain very low in cities and regions across North America, including major urban areas like the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) where mode share for both work and non-work purposes is 1% of all trips (Mitra et al, 2016). In this context, a recent policy emphasis on improving modal share of cycling, and more broadly active transportation, can be seen across North America (Buehler and Dill, 2016). The direction and significance of these relationships are not fully understood

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