Abstract
This initial study explores the importance of trust in Aceh tsunami evacuation. Drawing upon the cultural theory as theoretical basis, this research classifies people in Aceh based on their trust level and identifies the significant factors influencing them to trust to different sources during tsunami. To accomplish the goals, an offline survey to 62 respondents in Aceh who experienced tsunami was conducted. From this survey, it found that most of respondents tend to be more trust to their self (individualist) and family/neighbor (egalitarian) than trust to government (hierarchy) and religious leader (traditional). On the other hand, (1) self-efficacy, (2) evacuation knowledge and (3) trust level to non-government people are indicated as the significant factors influencing people to trust in different sources during tsunami evacuation. This initial result will be benefit to develop a predictive model of trust using Agent-based model and simulation (ABMS) for the further research.
Highlights
Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters because of its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire and four continental plates
This study investigates the essential factors influencing people to decide to trust different sources during evacuation in tsunami
This study highlights the importance of human trust behavior in evacuation decision during tsunami in Aceh
Summary
Indonesia is a country that has a high potential for natural disasters because of its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire and four continental plates. In the 2004 Aceh tsunami, for example, approximately 60,000 people from the total population died due to the tsunami waves This is partly because the community did not evacuate when the tsunami occurred. The people of the Simeuleu tribe believe that natural phenomena that occur are signs of a tsunami so that they can evacuate to mountains or higher ground as early as possible. In this tsunami disaster, only 44 people from the Simueule tribe were found victims. In contrast to the people of the Simeule tribe, people from Aceh and Minangkabau do not believe in the phenomenon so much that they cannot detect tsunamis as early as possible. From this research it is proved that differences in beliefs in each culture can influence community evacuation decisions when natural disasters occur
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