Abstract
This study investigates the impact of lifters and cross-shaped internals on the transversal movement of wooden spheres within rotary drums. Utilizing Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulations, the research evaluates the influence of these internal configurations on evolving bulk porosity, particle trajectories and residence time of particles in the central area of the drum. The study analyzes three distinct internal geometries and the influences of parameters such as drum rotational speed, drum fill level, and particle water content. Analysis of the simulation results shows that the mean bulk porosity increases by 4% for a single internal cross and by 7% for four internal crosses compared to a configuration without internals. Additionally, it is observed that the residence time for particles in the center of the drum increases by an average of 2.5 times for a single internal cross and 5.5 times for four internal crosses compared to a configuration without internals.
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