Exploring timing activation of functional pathway based on differential co-expression analysis in preimplantation embryogenesis.

Yongchun Zuo,Lei Yang,Shanshan Wang,Zhuying Wei,Guanghua Su,Guangpeng Li,Mingzhi Liao,Chunling Bai

doi:10.18632/oncotarget.12339

Abstract

Recent genome-wide omics studies have confirmed the early embryogenesis strictly dependent on the rigorous spatiotemporal activation and multilevel regulation. However, the full effect of functional pathway was not considered. To obtain complete understanding of the gene activation during early development, we performed systematic comparisons based on differential co-expression analysis for bovine preimplantation embryo development (PED). The results confirmed that the functional pathways actively transcribes as early as the 2-cell and 4-cell waves, which Basal transcription factor, Endocytosis and Spliceosome pathway can represent first signs of embryonic activity. Endocytosis act as one of master activators for uncovering a series of successive waves of maternal pioneer signal regulator with the help of Spliceosome complex. Furthermore, the results showed that pattern recognition receptors began to perform its essential function at 4-cell stage, which might be needed to coordinate the later major activation. And finally, our work presented a probable dynamic landscape of key functional pathways for embryogenesis. A clearer understanding of early embryo development will be helpful for Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) and Regenerative Medicine (RM).

Highlights

The preimplantation studies of mammalian embryos provide key insights into the question of when, where, and how cells take on fate separate [1]
Mammalian preimplantation embryonic development includes a series of important events, such as oocyte maturation, the first cell mitosis, maternal to zygotic transition (MZT), embryonic genome activation (EGA), and cell fate decision [3,4,5]
The results confirmed that the bovine embryogenesis undergoes successive waves of genome activation

Summary

Introduction

The preimplantation studies of mammalian embryos provide key insights into the question of when, where, and how cells take on fate separate [1]. Mammalian preimplantation embryonic development includes a series of important events, such as oocyte maturation, the first cell mitosis, maternal to zygotic transition (MZT), embryonic genome activation (EGA), and cell fate decision [3,4,5]. Exploring spatiotemporal activation patterns of preimplantation embryos will play important insight into understanding of early developmental mechanism. Advances in sequencing technology, such as multiplex qPCR, microarray, and RNA-seq technology, have accelerated spatiotemporal expression of genes related to embryo development [5, 9, 10].

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