Abstract
A simple strategy using an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) for the direct determination of molecular compounds is proposed. The determination of caffeine and propranolol employing atomic absorption instrumentation was conducted, monitoring the emission lines of Fe (271.9 nm) and Mg (285.2 nm), respectively, using a quartz cuvette (1.0 cm) positioned in the burner head. Samples or standards were inserted into the cuvette in order to obtain the absorbance measurements. The parameters of merit were evaluated and the limits of detection were 0.46 and 0.56 mg L-1 for caffeine and propranolol, respectively, with a coefficient of determination R2 > 0.999. The methods developed were applied to the determination of caffeine and propranolol in real samples of beverages and pharmaceutical formulations, respectively. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed methodologies the results obtained by atomic absorption spectrometer were compared with those obtained by molecular absorption spectrophotometry (UV-Vis) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE).
Highlights
In recent years the molecular absorption spectrometry (MAS) technique has been significantly improved with the use of high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR‐CS‐atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS)) employing flame or furnace systems.[1]
The compounds caffeine and propranolol are present in different beverages and pharmaceutical formulations and are generally analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC‐MS), molecular absorption spectrophotometry (UV‐Vis), and potentiometric and conductometric titrations.[11,12,13]
The indirect determination of propranolol concentrations has been performed after chelation with CuII ions, which were subsequently determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and the corresponding propranolol concentration was subsequently calculated.[9]
Summary
In recent years the molecular absorption spectrometry (MAS) technique has been significantly improved with the use of high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometry (HR‐CS‐AAS) employing flame or furnace systems.[1]. The compounds caffeine and propranolol are present in different beverages and pharmaceutical formulations and are generally analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC‐MS), molecular absorption spectrophotometry (UV‐Vis), and potentiometric and conductometric titrations.[11,12,13] The specificity of these techniques has been demonstrated, which is advantageous in terms of precision and selectivity. The versatility of the atomic absorption spectrometer in terms of its application to molecular determinations is demonstrated through the direct determination of caffeine and propranolol in different beverages and pharmaceutical formulations, respectively. The determination of caffeine and propranolol was carried out monitoring the emission lines of Fe (271.9 nm) and Mg (285.2 nm), respectively, using a 1.0 cm quartz cuvette.
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