Abstract
Psychotherapies for eating disorders (EDs) are routinely assessed using standardised patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). PROMs have been criticised for their lack of patient centeredness and clinical utility. The Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS) is an individualised PROM that allows patients to specify their own outcomes. (1) To validate the use of the PSYCHLOPS in ED treatment, and (2) to identify patient concerns beyond those measured by common ED PROMs. Two hundred and seventy-eight emerging adult patients, presenting with a first-episode ED (aged 16-25, illness duration <3 years) completed the PSYCHLOPS and two standardised ED PROMs (the EatingDisorder Examination Questionnaire [EDE-Q] and the Clinical Impairment Assessment Questionnaire [CIA]) at four time points across 12 months. Psychometrics of the PSYCHLOPS were assessed quantitatively against the EDE-Q and CIA. Content analysis assessed unique patient concerns identified by PSYCHLOPS. The PSYCHLOPS had adequate to good psychometric properties. A total of 53.3% of participants reported a concern not addressed by the EDE-Q or the CIA, the most common being depression/anxiety, academic problems, treatment concerns and disturbed sleep. PROMs can be complemented by the PSYCHLOPS to identify problems specific to an individual's context. As ED patients are typically ambivalent about change, understanding their concerns is vital in building motivation for change.
Highlights
Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric disorders which, when left untreated, can lead to psychosocial impairment, physical disability and death (Treasure, Duarte, & Schmidt, 2020)
Aims: (1) To validate the use of the PSYCHLOPS in eating disorders (EDs) treatment, and (2) to identify patient concerns beyond those measured by common ED patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs)
They were initially used in research trials to determine the efficacy of new treatments and later became a tool used by clinicians to inform practice (Black, 2013)
Summary
Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric disorders which, when left untreated, can lead to psychosocial impairment (e.g., employment difficulties, limited social relationships), physical disability and death (Treasure, Duarte, & Schmidt, 2020). There is concern that PROMs do not accurately reflect progress towards the patient's treatment goals and holistic recovery, but rather measure aspects of improvement that clinicians and services deem most valuable (Ashworth, Evans, & Clement, 2009). The first I‐PROM created for psychological therapies is the Psychological Outcome Profiles (PSYCHLOPS), a brief, one‐page measure that allows patients to identify problems and concerns about functioning that are specific to them, and to rate their severity (Ashworth et al, 2004). The PSYCHLOPS has moved beyond primary healthcare settings, with recent studies assessing its efficacy in specialist services providing psychological therapies for a range of psychiatric disorders, including psychosis (Kelly, Holttum, Evans, & Shepherd, 2012), substance abuse disorder (Alves, Sales, Ashworth, & Faísca, 2020) and post‐traumatic stress disorder (BuddeAkko & AinamiMurillo‐Rodriguez, 2018). Reveals additional patient concerns beyond those measured by common condition‐specific PROMs
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