Abstract
DNA replication is of tremendous significance in cell biology and medicine. Helicases separate double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) into single stranded DNA (ssDNA), allowing them to be copied. During DNA replication, helicases first bind and unwind dsDNA at origins where synthesis will be initiated. Helicases continue to unwind DNA and forming a structure called the replication fork. However, the detailed helicase translocation mechanisms that allow helicases to move along the dsDNA or ssDNA forms are unclear due to the flexibility of the DNA and the time scale of the reaction.
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