EXPLORING the prophylactic potential of Azadirachta indica leaf extract against dyslipidemia

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevanceSeveral studies revealed that different parts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, has therapeutic potential against inflammatory issues and dyslipidemia which is a major contributing cause to cardiovascular diseases, oxidative stress and serum glucose levels, etc. Aim of studyPresent study was conducted to evaluate anti-dyslipidemic capacity of Azadirachta indica leaf extract in dyslipidemic rabbits. Materials and methodsEthanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves was obtained by using Soxhlet apparatus. This extract was used for efficacy study on rabbits. In this context, 25 healthy rabbits were selected for study, Efficacy trial involved five groups of rabbits, 5 rabbits in each group; NC (Negative Control); healthy rabbits received normal diet. In remaining 20 rabbits, dyslipidemia was induced by using high fat diet for 28 days followed by administration of Azadirachta indica leaf ethanolic extract for 60 days in a dose-dependent manner. PC (Positive Control) include dyslipidemic rabbits received normal diet while G1, G2, G3 groups included dyslipidemic rabbits receiving different concentrations of Azadirachta indica leaf extract (i.e. 300, 500 and 700 mg/kg of body weight, respectively). Blood samples were analyzed for serum lipid profile after every 15 days to determine the effect of treatments. ResultsSignificant reduction in total cholesterol (60 ± 3.4 mg/dL), triglycerides (40.31 ± 2.5 mg/dL) and low-density lipoprotein (28.87 ± 2.1 mg/dL) was observed in G2 (P ≤ 0.05)while a significant increase was observed in high-density lipoprotein (60.47 ± 1.7 mg/dL) of G2 (P ≤ 0.05) as compared to other groups. ConclusionResults revealed that ethanolic extract of Azadirachta indica leaves in G2 group (@ 500 mg/kg of body weight) normalized lipid profile in dyslipidemic rabbits after 60 days of extract administration which significantly lowered TC, TG, LDL levels (P ≤ 0.05) and improved HDL level.