Abstract
A comparative analysis of adsorption purification of water-alcohol solutions of different concentrations by clinoptilolite and shungite on the example of ethanol impurities such as acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate is carried out. Application of the aforementioned minerals for the adsorption of such simple substances as ethanol impurities is due to the previous positive results and the structure of the adsorbents investigated earlier. The optimum concentrations of water-alcohol solutions and the duration of contact of water-alcohol solutions with adsorbents for effective adsorption of aldehydes and esters are experimentally determined. The prediction of the efficiency of purification of polar impurities by mineral adsorbents based on the known rectification coefficients of the basic polar impurities is proposed. The higher the rectification coefficient, the lower the magnitude of hydrogen bonds of the impurity with ethanol and the easier it is to be sorbed from ethanol by mineral adsorbents. The relationship between the optimum concentration of water-alcohol solutions for effective adsorption of impurities and the rectification coefficient is shown. The expediency of using a mineral adsorbent such as clinoptilolite of Ukrainian origin instead of imported activated carbon in the production of alcoholic beverages is proved. It is determined that clinoptilolite is more useful as adsorbent for the purification of water-alcohol solutions containing aldehydes, which worsen the taste of alcoholic beverages most of all. It is shown that the use of clinoptilolite in the production of vodkas of underproof rectified alcohol will improve the taste of the final product.
Highlights
The quality of alcoholic beverages is one of the major factors that determine their competitiveness and place in the consumer market
The following objectives were solved: – to determine the influence of the concentration of water-alcohol solutions on the efficiency of adsorption of aldehydes and esters on the example of the representatives of the group: acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate with non-conventional mineral adsorbents such as clinoptilolite and shungite; – to determine optimum durations of phase contact of rectified ethyl alcohol and water-alcohol solutions at concentrations of 40, 50, 80 % vol with the investigated mineral adsorbents for the most effective purification of aldehydes and esters
The nature of the rectification coefficient has the form of a parabola, increasing to 80–85 % vol, As a result of the research, the expediency of adsorption of polar impurities of ethanol – aldehydes and esters – by mineral adsorbents such as clinoptilolite and shungite was proved: 1. It was determined that for acetaldehyde adsorption, the best concentration of the water-alcohol solution is 80–85 % vol, which is due to the lowest energy of hydrogen bonds with ethanol
Summary
The quality of alcoholic beverages is one of the major factors that determine their competitiveness and place in the consumer market. The determining factor in the formation of organoleptic indicators of alcohol and alcoholic beverages is the concentration of volatile impurities. This concerns, first of all, vodkas – traditional strong alcoholic beverages in Ukraine (unlike whiskey, brandy, rum, etc., whose quality is not related to the minimum content of impurities). Vodka production involves the use of imported activated carbon, which has certain disadvantages. These are a high price, flammability, as well as the possibility of oxidation and esterification catalysis. The deposits and variety of which in Ukraine are very large are promising for use as Technology and equipment of food production adsorbents for purification of alcohol and water-alcohol solutions. The study of the possibility of using mineral adsorbents for this purpose is, above all, a research problem
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