Exploring the Physical Therapy Experience Among People Living With Lymphedema: A Biopsychosocial Perspective

Abstract

Background: Lymphedema is a chronic condition that adversely affects quality of life and can negatively impact psychosocial well-being. The influence of physical therapy (PT) experience upon people living with lymphedema warrants exploration. Physical therapists play a significant role in the management of this disease, PT interventions have been shown to affect quality of life in this population, and the PT experience has had meaningful consequences across a spectrum of people living with chronic disease or disability. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial effect of the PT experience on people living with lymphedema. Methods: A qualitative approach, using conventional descriptive content analysis, was used. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit 8 participants from the Northeast United States. Data were collected through semistructured individualized interviews, and iterative analysis was used to create themes and subthemes that were inclusive of all data. Results: Through inductive category development, 3 major themes emerged. Major themes were as follows: (1) coping strengthened by understanding; (2) quality of life enhanced by education; and (3) lack of person-centered approach as a barrier to progress. Limitations: While trustworthiness measures were in place, it is difficult to completely eliminate bias when using qualitative methodology. Conclusions: Among people living with lymphedema, PT plays a significant role in addressing the psychosocial factors that impact participation in life events. Physical therapists should focus upon professional development that can enhance person-centered communication and interpersonal skills so that more successful outcomes can be achieved.