Abstract
BackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) in South Africa widely use job-aids as practical tools to enhance the provision of HIV services, thereby improving patient-provider interactions during the care process. Job-aids are visual support materials that provide appropriate information using graphics and words in a simple and yet effective manner. We explored the mechanism through the KidzAlive Talk tool storybook (Talk tool), a child-centred job-aid for HCWs that facilitates child-participation during HIV consultations in primary healthcare (PHC) clinics implementing the KidzAlive model.MethodsThe study was conducted in PHC clinics across four districts; namely: uMkhanyakude, Zululand, uMgungundlovu, and eThekwini in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), South Africa. We conducted in-depth interviews with children (n = 30), their primary caregivers (PCGs) (n = 30), and KidzAlive trained and mentored HCWs (n = 20). Data were collected in both English and isiZulu languages through user-specific, structured in-depth interviews. All the interviews were audio-recorded (with participants’ assent and consent, respectively). Data were transcribed verbatim, prior to translating the isiZulu transcripts to English. Translations were done by a member of the research team competent in both languages. Electronic data were imported to NVivo 10 for analysis and subsequently analysed using a thematic analysis method followed by a constant comparative and modified grounded theory analysis method.ResultsThe findings identified the following barriers to child-participation: Primary caregiver limiting the child’s involvement due to fear of traumatising them; HCWs’ limited knowledge and skills to deliver child-centred HIV care; childhood developmental stage-related limitations and healthcare institutional paternalism. The Talk tool addresses the above barriers by using simple language and terminology to cater for children at various stages of development; alleviating HCWs’ and PCGs’ fear of possible psychological harm to the child; using storytelling and colourful cartoon illustrations for child edutainment; Being versatile by allowing for multiple utility and tackling institutional paternalism that limit child-involvement in the process of care.ConclusionsThis study provided evidence on how the Talk tool storybook addresses barriers to child-participation in the HIV care process. The evidence generated from this study is compelling enough to recommend the scale-up of this innovation in low-resource settings.
Highlights
Healthcare workers (HCWs) in South Africa widely use job-aids as practical tools to enhance the provision of HIV services, thereby improving patient-provider interactions during the care process
This study provided evidence on how the Talk tool storybook addresses barriers to child-participation in the HIV care process
Participation of children living with HIV (CLWHIV) in healthcare is increasingly gaining traction in primary healthcare clinics (PHCs) in resource-poor settings given the chronic nature of HIV
Summary
Healthcare workers (HCWs) in South Africa widely use job-aids as practical tools to enhance the provision of HIV services, thereby improving patient-provider interactions during the care process. We explored the mechanism through the KidzAlive Talk tool storybook (Talk tool), a child-centred job-aid for HCWs that facilitates child-participation during HIV consultations in primary healthcare (PHC) clinics implementing the KidzAlive model. Participation of children living with HIV (CLWHIV) in healthcare is increasingly gaining traction in primary healthcare clinics (PHCs) in resource-poor settings given the chronic nature of HIV. It results in children frequenting these facilities for their repeat prescriptions and care [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Poor resource settings are beginning to adopt these important lessons by advocating for increased child-participation in response to the increasing number of CLWHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) who due to the scale-up of the Universal Treat All policy, need quality care in PHCs [13, 14]
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