Exploring the impacts of online food delivery service on facility distribution: A case of Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Multi-service transport platforms (MSTPs) such as GOJEK and GRAB, providing access to many services without traveling, may lead to changes in activity and travel decisions, in turn leading to changes in the distribution of facilities, evidenced by a different distribution pattern and spatial concentration of online food merchants that only provide online food delivery services. This study empirically explores the impacts of MSTPs on food merchant distribution in Jakarta by identifying differences in distributions of dine-in and online food merchants. Our empirical results focusing on the agglomeration of facilities with different spatial scales showed that, while dine-in food merchants are more agglomerated at the metropolitan scale, online food merchants are more agglomerated at the neighborhood scale, presumably due to the necessity to attract MSTP drivers to keep the delivery service level. We also found that online food merchants tend to be agglomerated in the center and fringe area of the city.