Abstract

CANCER is the second leading cause of death in the United States, and despite the overall decreasing trend in cancer mortality during the past 10 years, it is expected to become the leading cause of death in the next decade. The decrease in cancer mortality has been largely attributed to prevention through the identification of environmental and genetic risk factors, early detection through population-based screening programs, and advances in treatment (1,2). However, as environmental factors are identified and public exposure reduced, the identification of high-risk genes that result in susceptibility to cancer development has primarily been limited to forward genetics, wherein the functions of single genes are typically studied by creating a mutation or deletion in a rodent model.

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