Abstract
Anatomical atlases allow mapping the anatomical structures of the human body. Early versions of these systems consisted of analogical representations with informative text and labeled images of the human body. With computer systems, digital versions emerged and the third and fourth dimensions were introduced. Consequently, these sys- tems increased their efficiency, allowing more realistic visualizations with improved in- teractivity and functionality. The 4D atlases allow modeling changes over time on the structures represented. The anatomical atlases based on geographic information system (GIS) environments allow the creation of platforms with a high degree of interactivity and new tools to explore and analyze the human body. In this study we expand the functions of a human body representation system by creating new vector data, topology, functions, and an improved user interface. The new prototype emulates a 3D GIS with a topological model of the human body, replicates the information provided by anatomical atlases, and provides a higher level of functionality and interactivity. At this stage, the developed sys- tem is intended to be used as an educational tool and integrates into the same interface the typical representations of surface and sectional atlases.
Highlights
IntroductionAnatomical atlases aid the study of the human anatomy by providing pictorial information associated with descriptive texts [33]
BARBEITO, PAINHO, CABRAL, O’NEILLAnatomical atlases aid the study of the human anatomy by providing pictorial information associated with descriptive texts [33]
The definition of the axes is made via an interactive application that generates three different views of the input data: (i) the original axial images; (ii) front vertical images of the same data; (iii) a three-dimensional image that enables the visualization of the voxels of the anatomical structure with a degree of transparency dynamically defined by the user (Figure 3)
Summary
Anatomical atlases aid the study of the human anatomy by providing pictorial information associated with descriptive texts [33]. The advent of three-dimensional (3D) [46] models made it possible to build new atlases with greater study and interaction capabilities [8]. The development of 3D atlases in digital format allows the representation with greater realism and detail of the anatomical structures and enables the completion of identification operations, spatial analysis, and measurements. Atlas [16] and atlas [53] illustrate two different ways of representing anatomical information: the first is an atlas of sectional anatomy, in which the human body is viewed through axial images; and the second is based on surface anatomy, in which one can see the outer surface of the structures with the possibility of generating stereo views
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