Abstract
GTPase immune-associated protein 5 (Gimap5) plays a key role in maintaining T cell homeostasis, immunological tolerance and inflammatory processes. However, there are no reports on the chicken Gimap5 gene. In this study, the Gimap5 gene was first cloned from chicken and characterized its tissue expression characteristics in different developmental stages. The transcriptional activities of the Gimap5 gene in immune response were identified. The results showed that full-length cDNA sequence of Gimap5 contained 771 bp and encoded a 256-amino acid protein. The Gimap5 gene was transcribed in various tissues and different development stages. The transcriptional activities of Gimap5 gene in the most tissues increased with the development of chicken, but significantly up to peak in liver and large intestine of 10-month-old chicken. The Gimap5 gene exhibited differential transcriptional activities in immune-related tissues in immune responses, with down-regulated in liver (P < 0.01), spleen (P < 0.05) and bursa of Fabricius (P < 0.05), and up-regulated in thymus (P < 0.01). The results show that Gimap5 may be a multifunctional gene involved in tissue function, development and immune response in chicken. These data can provide the foundation for further study of Gimap5.
Highlights
GTPase immune-associated protein 5 (Gimap5) (GTPase of the immune-associated protein 5, called Ian5 or Ian4) is a member of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) in the immune-associated protein family (MacMurray et al, 2002; Dahéron et al, 2001)
To identify the possible role of the Gimap5 gene in chicken immune response, we examined the expression of the Gimap5 gene in the main immune-related tissues of the chicken after vaccine immunization
The results showed that the Gimap5 gene was down-regulated in the liver (P < 0.01), spleen and bursa (P < 0.05) of the immunized chicken, but the transcriptional activities in the thymus was significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01) (Fig. 5), and the Gimap5 gene in blood did not change significantly
Summary
Gimap (GTPase of the immune-associated protein 5, called Ian or Ian4) is a member of guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) in the immune-associated protein family (MacMurray et al, 2002; Dahéron et al, 2001). Members of GIMAP family are expressed essentially in lymphocytes and hematopoietic cells (Chen et al, 2016; Chen et al, 2011). The most conclusive results on the role of the GIMAP family members come from the studies of BB (BioBreeding) rat (Moralejo et al, 2003; Michalkiewicz et al, 2004; Diessenbacher et al, 2003). The BB rat spontaneously develops insulin-dependent diabetes and exhibits lifelong T lymphopenia (Ramanathan & Poussier, 2001; Hessner et al, 2004), and Gimap was identified as the lyp gene in the BioBreeding diabetesprone (BBDP) rat (Rutledge et al, 2009; Wallis et al, 2009). In BBDP rat, 215 amino acids in Gimap C-terminal were replaced by 19 other amino acids where transmembrane domain was truncated which leaded to lymphopenia (Hornum, Romer & Markholst, 2002).
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