Exploring the efficacy of natural convection in a cabinet type solar dryer for drying gooseberries: An experimental analysis

Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of a cabinet-type solar dryer with naturally convection drying specifically for Indian gooseberries. One notable advantage of utilizing a passive solar dryer is its reliance on natural energy sources, such as solar heat and radiation. By harnessing and utilizing solar energy, the dryer significantly reduces the need for external energy inputs, resulting in lower operational costs and a reduced environmental footprint. This eco-friendly approach contributes to the adoption of sustainable and resource-efficient drying practices. The study involved testing Indian gooseberries in both sliced and unsliced forms within a direct-type passive solar dryer. The aim was to assess their moisture ratio, drying rate, and moisture transport phenomena. Over the drying process, the moisture content of 4.2 kg of Indian gooseberries decreased from an initial moisture content of 78% wet basis (w.b.) to a safe moisture content of 5% w.b. The moisture transport phenomena greatly influenced the shape and size of the drying product, which in turn affected the drying rate. It was observed that sliced gooseberries exhibited a higher effective moisture diffusivity compared to unsliced ones during the drying process. In the solar cabinet dryer, sliced gooseberries dried at a faster rate than unsliced gooseberries. Additionally, the study revealed that the quality of the dried gooseberries produced in the solar dryer surpassed those dried in open sun conditions. In conclusion, passive solar dryer operating at higher temperatures facilitate quicker moisture removal. The findings highlight the potential of utilizing solar dryer for efficient and superior drying of gooseberries, leading to improved product quality.