Abstract
AbstractThe application of artificial intelligence in education (AIEd), such as intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) and chatbots, has been used to assist teaching, learning, pedagogical innovations, educational data mining, and learning analytics. To explore the overall effects of AI in the classroom on students’ learning achievement, the final analysis included 21 empirical studies (extracting 23 effect sizes) using experimental or quasi-experiments from 2012 to 2021, incorporating 4996 students. As can be seen, AI has a small to medium significant positive overall mean effect size (FEM g = 0.326; REM g = 0.515) of the use of AI with respect to students’ learning achievement. In addition, the overall mean effect size was significantly affected by educational stage; and discipline. However, the technology type does not have a significant impact on learning achievement.Keywordsartificial intelligencemeta-analysislearning achievement
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