Exploring the effect of coatings and ethanol-blended fuels on emission reduction: Experimental study and neural network approach

Abstract

This article highlights the detrimental impact of vehicle emissions on the environment and explores using new technologies and alternative fuels to reduce this impact. One such technology is thermal barrier-coated pistons, which decrease heat absorption by the engine and reduce emissions. Ethanol is also explored as a cleaner-burning alternative to traditional gasoline. Experimental studies were conducted to investigate the effects of coating and fuel blends on engine performance and emissions. Artificial neural networks were also used to predict emissions. Results showed that both the coating and ethanol-gasoline mixtures led to a decrease in emissions. The experimental study revealed that the coating caused HC emissions to decrease by 8% and NOx emissions to rise by 6%. In the case of using a 10% ethanol gasoline mixture in the coated engine, a 19% decrease in HC emissions and a 13% decrease in NOx emissions in 20% ethanol gasoline mixtures were determined compared to the uncoated piston. The study also examined thermal analysis results and compared the accuracy of different artificial neural network algorithms in predicting emissions. The development of alternative fuels and technologies is essential to reduce the environmental impact of vehicle emissions for a sustainable future.