EXPLORING THE DYNAMIC SPILLOVER EFFECTS BETWEEN AIR TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS IN TURKEY

Abstract

Purpose: This study presents the relationship between air transportation and development indicators in Turkey covering the period from 1970 to 2017. The transportation sector tends to expand significantly in the 21st century compared to previous years. Nowadays, there are various transportation methods, especially by air, land, sea, railway, and pipeline. Although the reasons for being preferred in this sector where goods and services and passenger transportation are different, air transportation has come to the fore as the fastest and safest method.
 Method/Design/Methodology/Approach: While air transportation depends on the economic level, it also has effects on development. In this context the objectives are twofold: the paper (i) investigates the relationship between air transportation measures and a wide variety of development indicators, and (ii) incorporates an empirical framework based on the dynamic connectedness approach. This method supplies net, pairwise, and total connectedness parameters, which form integral parts of a relational network among variables.
 Findings: According to empirical findings, air passenger transportation, life expectancy, and infant mortality are net transmitters, where air freight transportation and other development indicators (urbanization, human capital index, CO2 emissions, and GDP per capita) are net receivers.
 Originality: The results obtained by the dynamic connectedness method differ from conventional methods in the plane of creating a relationship network within the variables. Through this paper, the relations between development indicators and air transportation in Turkey have been uncovered under the terms of the contribution to the literature, were revealed as part of a network system.