Exploring the development prospects of TNBC and HER2+ BC treatment based on targeted therapy

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancers in women, and the number of patients is increasing year by year. TNBC (triple-negative breast cancer) and HER2+ BC, as the two most common subtypes, deserve more in-depth research. At present, there are many targeted therapies and immunotherapies for these two subtypes, using inhibitors or cancer vaccines to treat breast cancer more efficiently, and some research has achieved phased results. However, there are still many research gaps, such as the safety and immune mechanism of the vaccine are unclear, and only a few number of epitopes trigger an immune response. In this paper, three targeted therapies for TNBC (PARA inhibitors, CDK inhibitors and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway inhibitors) were analyzed. Two types of immunotherapy (ICIs and CAR-T therapy), And four cancer vaccines for HER2+ BC (Peptide-based cancer vaccines, Protein-based cancer vaccines,DNA Based Anti-HER2 Vaccines and Dendritic Cell Vaccines), and summarized their respective advantages and disadvantages to provide more theories and case references for future studies. There are still many unanswered questions about drug resistance, and future research can focus on the immune microenvironment and drug resistance