Exploring the connection between diabetes duration, HbA1c levels, and peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus can lead to blood circulation problems, which include both large-scale (macrovascular) and small-scale (microvascular) issues. One specific small-scale problem is the loss of feeling in the feet (known as peripheral neuropathy), which can cause foot ulcers and greatly increase the risk of needing an amputation. The length of time someone has had diabetes and their HbA1c levels (a measure of blood sugar control over time) are linked to the risk of developing diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in individuals with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between how long someone has had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their HbA1c levels with the presence of DPN. We conducted a correlational study with a cross-sectional design. We specifically chose 154 outpatients with T2DM from a hospital clinic for this study. To collect data, we used forms that included demographic information, the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), and the Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score (MDNS). We analyzed the data using chi-square tests. Our findings showed a significant link between DPN and both the duration of diabetes and abnormal HbA1c levels in individuals with T2DM, with statistical significance (p=0.001) for both. We suggest that individuals with diabetes should manage their condition carefully to minimize the risk of complications from DPN. It is also recommended that hospitals regularly offer educational programs on neuropathy risks and prevention of severe complications to patients with T2DM.