Abstract
In recent decades, global climate change and heavy metal stress have severely affected plant growth and biomass, which has led to a serious threat to food safety and human health. Anthropogenic activities, the rapid pace of urbanization, and the use of modern agricultural technologies have further aggravated environmental conditions, resulting in limited crop growth and productivity. This review highlights the various adaptive transcriptomic responses of plants to tolerate detrimental environmental conditions, such as drought, salinity, and heavy metal contamination. These stresses hinder plant growth and development by disrupting their physiological and biochemical processes by inducing oxidative stress, nutritional imbalance, and osmotic disturbance, and by deteriorating their photosynthetic machinery. Plants have developed different strategies to safeguard themselves against the toxic effects of these environmental stresses. They stimulate their secondary messenger to activate cell signaling, and they trigger other numerous transcriptomic responses associated with plant defense mechanisms. Therefore, the recent advances in biological sciences, such as transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics, have assisted our understanding of the stress-tolerant strategies adopted by plants, which could be further utilized to breed tolerant species. This review summarizes the stress-tolerant strategies of crops by covering the role of transcriptional factors in plants.
Highlights
Abiotic stresses have always been a major concern for agronomic crops in terms of yield reduction
We focus on the plant stress-tolerant mechanisms concerning omics approaches
Studies based on scientific credentials indicate that a single transcription factors (TFs) is liable for handling the expression of multiple target genes through the particular binding capability of a TF with a cis-acting element of its target genes [56]
Summary
Abiotic stresses have always been a major concern for agronomic crops in terms of yield reduction. Plants are vulnerable to abiotic stresses, which include drought, salinity, and the accretion of heavy metals. Plants, being smart organisms, have natural mechanisms to tackle stresses [9] They anticipate the threat and trigger their defense system for revival by allocating available nutrients and energy. The abundance of heavy metals in nature is more hazardous for human health as declared by health officials They enter our food chain via plants and cause fatal diseases [20,21]. A plethora of complex events happen in plants when undergoing abiotic stress In these complicated mechanisms, some changes are initiated at various levels, including transcriptional modifications and translational and post-translational changes [22,23,24]. This review endeavors to contribute advanced knowledge to the scientific community committed to investigating abiotic stresses and their tolerant mechanisms
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have