Exploring Spectacle Usage Patterns: A Thematic Analysis of Refractive Disorder Patients in Medan, Indonesia

Abstract

Objectives: This study explores the behavioral patterns of spectacle users with refractive errors in Medan City, Indonesia, and identifies the key factors influencing the decision-making process in choosing and using glasses, contributing to SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) by addressing vision health. Theoretical Framework: The research is guided by the Precede-Proceed model and the Theory of Planned Behavior, which provide a framework for understanding health-related behaviors, including spectacle usage and its impact on overall well-being. Method: A qualitative methodology was employed, involving in-depth interviews with 30 Medan City residents diagnosed with refractive errors. This was supplemented by focus group discussions and consultations with eyewear experts. Data were analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach. Results and Discussion: Key themes influencing spectacle usage behavior were identified, including needs, comfort, fashion, quality, perception, economy, and knowledge. Among these, needs, comfort, and quality emerged as the most significant factors influencing users’ choices of glasses. The findings suggest that people with refractive errors should prioritize glasses that meet health standards to ensure comfort and improve visual impairments, aligning with the goals of SDG 3 to promote health and well-being. Research Implications: Health practitioners, particularly optometrists, play a critical role in educating the community about the importance of using high-quality eyewear and addressing common misconceptions related to spectacle use, thus contributing to SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being). Originality/Value: This study provides novel insights into the behavioral patterns of spectacle users in a specific cultural context, offering valuable information for health professionals and policymakers to improve vision care services in Medan City in support of SDG 3.