Exploring Photoswitchable Properties of Two Nitro Nickel(II) Complexes with (N,N,O)-Donor Ligands and Their Copper(II) Analogues.

Abstract

Two photoswitchable nickel(II) nitro coordination compounds and their copper(II) analogues are reported. In all these systems, the metal center is chelated by (N,N,O)-donor ligands containing either 2-picolylamine or 8-aminoquinoline fragments. The studied compounds were thoroughly investigated using crystallographic and spectroscopic techniques supplemented by computational analysis. They are easy to synthesize and stable, and all compounds undergo the nitro group isomerization reaction. Nevertheless, there are significant differences between the copper and nickel systems regarding their structural and switchable properties. According to the solid-state IR spectroscopy results, 400–660 nm light irradiation of the ground-state (η2-O,O′)-κ-nitrito copper(II) complexes at 10 K induces a rather moderate conversion to a metastable linkage isomer, which is visible only up to approximately 60–80 K. In turn, upon visible light irradiation (ca. 530 nm excitation wavelength), the ground-state nitro isomers of the examined nickel(II) complexes transform into the endo-nitrito forms. It was possible to achieve about 35% conversion for both nickel(II) systems and to determine the resulting crystal structures at 160 K in the case of single crystals after 30–45 min of exposure to LED light (crystals decayed with longer irradiation), and roughly 95% conversion was achieved for thin-film samples as indicated by the IR spectroscopy results. Traces of the endo-nitrito linkage isomers remained up to 200–220 K, and the isomerization reaction was proven to be fully reversible.