Exploring Nuclear Energy and Environment Interaction in Pakistan Using the Fourier ARDL

Abstract

This research examines the relationship between nuclear energy and environmental quality in Pakistan from 1971-2020 with the help of Fourier ARDL. In 2020, the use of fossil fuels, CO2 emissions, and the population had increased by 203.02%, 211.61%, and 101.18%, respectively, compared to 1990. This rise in contamination has caused a strain on the air quality in the country. To mitigate this, the use of nuclear energy increased from 0.18% in 1990 to 2.34% in 2020. The findings suggest that nuclear energy could be an effective policy for Pakistan if they want to improve its environmental quality. Additionally, it is projected that the detrimental externalities linked to pollution can be minimized in a year. Furthermore, with a 318% rise in energy imports in 2020 compared to 1990, it is vital for Pakistan to responsibly raise its utilization of nuclear energy to lessen its dependence on foreign energy sources and promote environmental quality. The economic repercussions of nuclear energy use in Pakistan are controversial; some studies suggest this increased usage might be impeding economic growth, while other studies suggest the opposite. This analysis seeks to examine the link between nuclear energy production and environmental damage using an appropriate method and scope.