Abstract
For around three decades, high-pressure techniques have been used to study nanomaterials. In most studies, especially the early ones, x-ray diffraction and Raman and infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the structural transition and equation of state. In recent years, the exploration has been extended to the plastic deformation of nanomaterials by using radial diamond-anvil-cell x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the traditional techniques, high-pressure techniques are more advantageous in applying mechanical loads to nanosized samples and characterizing the structural and mechanical properties either in situ or ex situ, which could help to unveil the mysteries of mechanics at the nanoscale. With such knowledge, more-advanced materials could be fabricated for wider and specialized applications. This paper provides a brief review of recent progress.
Highlights
Many different reports suggest that below a certain size scale, other mechanisms such as grain rotation, grain boundary sliding, and diffusion would take over from dislocations
The exploration has been extended to the plastic deformation of nanomaterials by using radial diamond-anvil-cell x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy
In 2012, Chen et al.1 studied the deformation texturing of nickel with radial diamond anvil cell x-ray diffraction (XRD), having found that dislocation activity can be extended down to 3 nm (Fig. 1)
Summary
Many different reports suggest that below a certain size scale, other mechanisms such as grain rotation, grain boundary sliding, and diffusion would take over from dislocations. Many controversies and debates persist because of the lack of in situ examinations. In 2012, Chen et al. studied the deformation texturing of nickel with radial diamond anvil cell (rDAC) x-ray diffraction (XRD), having found that dislocation activity can be extended down to 3 nm (Fig. 1). This new finding inspired more exploration and has advanced high-pressure nanomechanics considerably
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