Exploring Monumental Architecture in Post‐independence Côte d'Ivoire: The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace in Yamoussoukro

Abstract

AbstractThis paper analyses the monumental architecture of post‐independence Côte d'Ivoire through the Basilica of Our Lady of Peace (1985–1989). Both the new capital project – commissioned by Côte d'Ivoire's first president Félix Houphouët‐Boigny – and the Basilica – evoking St. Peter's in Rome – represent a challenging modern heritage for Côte d'Ivoire, which in large part is not Catholic. The Basilica is virtually unknown outside of Côte d'Ivoire and is underrepresented in Western architectural histories, often portrayed in a patronizing manner. This paper aims to challenge this Western gaze. The study foregrounds power relations behind the Basilica, employing stylistic, material, constructive, social, and religious readings to produce a multi‐layered analysis of the building's history and heritage, applying discourses of modernity, post‐colonialism, and decolonisation. By analyzing international affiliations and relations, the Basilica is understood within its 20th century context and as part of the modern heritage of Africa.