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Abstract
Abstract. The California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME), a temperate marine region dominated by episodic upwelling, is predicted to experience rapid environmental change in the future due to ocean acidification. The aragonite saturation state within the California Current System is predicted to decrease in the future with near-permanent undersaturation conditions expected by the year 2050. Thus, the CCLME is a critical region to study due to the rapid rate of environmental change that resident organisms will experience and because of the economic and societal value of this coastal region. Recent efforts by a research consortium – the Ocean Margin Ecosystems Group for Acidification Studies (OMEGAS) – has begun to characterize a portion of the CCLME; both describing the spatial mosaic of pH in coastal waters and examining the responses of key calcification-dependent benthic marine organisms to natural variation in pH and to changes in carbonate chemistry that are expected in the coming decades. In this review, we present the OMEGAS strategy of co-locating sensors and oceanographic observations with biological studies on benthic marine invertebrates, specifically measurements of functional traits such as calcification-related processes and genetic variation in populations that are locally adapted to conditions in a particular region of the coast. Highlighted in this contribution are (1) the OMEGAS sensor network that spans the west coast of the US from central Oregon to southern California, (2) initial findings of the carbonate chemistry amongst the OMEGAS study sites, and (3) an overview of the biological data that describes the acclimatization and the adaptation capacity of key benthic marine invertebrates within the CCLME.
Highlights
A leading imperative in global change biology is forecasting the impact of environmental change on key species and ecosystems (Buckley and Kingsolver, 2012; Hoffmann and Sgrò, 2011; Williams et al, 2008; Dawson et al, 2011), and on critical natural resources
Highlighted in this contribution are (1) the Ocean Margin Ecosystems Group for Acidification Studies (OMEGAS) sensor network that spans the west coast of the US from central Oregon to southern California, (2) initial findings of the carbonate chemistry amongst the OMEGAS study sites, and (3) an overview of the biological data that describes the acclimatization and the adaptation capacity of key benthic marine invertebrates within the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem (CCLME)
We outline three lines of investigation that are integrated across the group and that frame our studies: (1) an overview of a spatially distributed sensor network for quantifying pH dynamics, (2) data on functional traits that may vary in populations and support physiological plasticity, and (3) data on genetic structure of the study populations that link to local adaptation in natural populations and the capacity to adapt to future environmental change in the CCLME
Summary
A leading imperative in global change biology is forecasting the impact of environmental change on key species and ecosystems (Buckley and Kingsolver, 2012; Hoffmann and Sgrò, 2011; Williams et al, 2008; Dawson et al, 2011), and on critical natural resources From a broad perspective, the OMEGAS strategy of co-locating sensors with biology allows one to explore the balance of physiological plasticity vs capacity for adaptation in the light of present-day environmental conditions (Kelly and Hofmann, 2012). Such an assessment is critically important in allowing prediction of outcomes that rely on both species- and community-level responses (Kroeker et al, 2013; Wootton et al, 2008; Hall-Spencer et al, 2008). We outline three lines of investigation that are integrated across the group and that frame our studies: (1) an overview of a spatially distributed sensor network for quantifying pH dynamics, (2) data on functional traits that may vary in populations and support physiological plasticity, and (3) data on genetic structure of the study populations that link to local adaptation in natural populations and the capacity to adapt to future environmental change in the CCLME
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