Exploring key aspects: Structure, properties, production, and oil & gas applications of graphene and its nanoribbons − A comprehensive review

Abstract

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) have emerged as a versatile class of nanomaterials with unique structural and electronic properties, holding immense promise for a wide range of applications. This comprehensive review paper explores the multifaceted aspects of GNRs, with a specific focus on their structural characteristics, distinctive properties, scalable production methods, and the burgeoning applications that make them particularly compelling for the oil and gas industry. The paper begins with an in-depth examination of the structural variations of Graphite, Graphene, and GNRs, delving into their width-dependent bandgap tunability, edge configurations, and atomic-level arrangements. A crucial aspect of this review is the discussion of various production methods for GNRs, encompassing bottom-up approaches like chemical vapor deposition (CVD), surface-assisted synthesis, and solution-based techniques, as well as top-down methods such as nanotube unzipping and exfoliation. The challenges and opportunities associated with scalable GNR production are thoroughly analyzed, addressing the crucial need for cost-effective and large-scale manufacturing. The primary focus then shifts to the potential applications of GNRs in the oil and gas industry. GNRs' capacity for corrosion resistance, gas sensing, catalysis, and enhanced oil recovery is scrutinized. The paper underscores their role in revolutionizing the industry by offering innovative solutions for corrosion protection, early leak detection, and improved oil extraction techniques. By bridging the gap between fundamental research and practical industry applications, it offers valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and stakeholders interested in harnessing the unique attributes of GNRs to address challenges and drive innovation in the oil and gas domain.