Exploring Internet Use, Problematic Behavior, and Their Impact on Mental Health: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

This literature review examines the relationship between internet usage, problematic online behaviors, and their impact on the mental health of young adults and adolescents. As the internet and digital technologies become integral to daily life, concerns have grown regarding the consequences of excessive internet use, particularly problematic internet use (PIU). The review starts by systematically assessing the increasing prevalence of internet use among young individuals, emphasizing the need to differentiate regular usage from PIU. It also explores problematic smartphone use and its connection to psychopathology, especially anxiety and depression, which share characteristics with behavioral addiction. Furthermore, the review investigates longitudinal trends in internet use and trust levels among American adults and late adolescents from 1972 to 2012. It reveals a significant decline in trust and confidence, potentially associated with increased internet use. The review also examines the prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and its co-occurrence with depression, offering insights into the diagnostic criteria for IGD. In summary, this comprehensive literature review underscores the need for further research to understand the evolving dynamics and develop effective interventions related to internet use. It emphasizes the bidirectional relationship between internet use and mental health and highlights the relevance of diminishing trust and confidence. These considerations are vital for shaping strategies to promote mental well-being in the digital age.