Abstract
AbstractWe report a microwave‐assisted solvothermal process for the preparation of magnetite (Fe3O4, ca. 5 nm)‐anchored reduced graphene oxide (rGO). It has been examined as a prospective conversion‐type negative electrode for multiple energy storage applications, such as Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) and Li‐ion capacitors (LICs). A LiFePO4/Fe3O4‐rGO cell is constructed and capable of delivering an energy density of approximately 139 Wh kg−1 with a notable cyclability (ca. 76 %) after 500 cycles. Prior to the fabrication of a LIB, the Fe3O4‐rGO is electrochemically pretreated to eliminate the irreversible capacity loss. In addition to the LIB, a high‐energy LIC is also fabricated by using the pre‐lithiated Fe3O4‐rGO composite as the anode and commercial activated carbon as the cathode. This LIC registered a maximum energy density of approximately 114 Wh kg−1 with good cyclability. For both the LIB and LIC, the mass loading between the electrodes was adjusted based on the performance with metallic Li. The improved electrochemical performance of Fe3O4‐rGO over existing materials is a promising development in the quest for novel, fast, low cost, and efficient energy storage systems without compromising the eco‐friendliness
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