Exploring Guided Imagery and Music as a well-being intervention: A systematic literature review

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) is a method of music therapy that works on various levels, using receptive music to explore the psyche of the client for growth and transformation. This systematic literature review seeks evidence that GIM has an influence on the well-being of the client. A specific aim was to explore a possible relationship between GIM and positive psychology. Method A five-step protocol for systematic reviews guided the process. Peer-reviewed articles and unpublished dissertations were reviewed. Both group and individual GIM studies were included. Studies were assessed for risk of bias and outcomes of well-being and related variables were identified and discussed. Results Initially, 337 peer-reviewed articles and unpublished dissertations were identified. Only 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Participant numbers varied from 6 to 61. The population groups included cancer, stroke and rheumatoid arthritis patients, patients with mental health diagnoses, substance use disorder and healthy adults. Various concepts related to positive psychology that were studied included well-being, sense of coherence, resilience, efficacy and confidence. Various measuring tools were used across the studies, even when measuring the same concept. The outcomes of the studies on various population groups were positive including e.g. improved well-being, quality of life, mood states and sense of coherence. Discussion Evidence is promising that GIM interventions have a positive effect on the well-being of clients who seek help for various conditions. Further research is needed to find whether positive outcomes and experiences in GIM could be framed within the positive psychology context.