Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA) structure, modifications and functions are evolutionary and established in bacteria, archaea and eukaryotes. Typically the tRNA modifications are indispensable for its stability and are required for decoding the mRNA into amino acids for protein synthesis. A conserved methylation has been located on the anticodon loop specifically at the 37th position and it is next to the anticodon bases. This modification is called as m1G37 and it is catalyzed by tRNA (m1G37) methyltransferase (TrmD). It is deciphered that G37 positions occur on few additional amino acids specific tRNA subsets in bacteria. Furthermore, Archaea and Eukaryotes have more number of tRNA subsets which contains G37 position next to the anticodon and the G residue are located at different positions such as G36, G37, G38, 39, and G40. In eight bacterial species, G (guanosine) residues are presents at the 37th and 38th position except three tRNA subsets having G residues at 36th and 39th positions. Therefore we propose that m1G37 modification may be feasible at 36th, 37th, 38th, 39th and 40th positions next to the anticodon of tRNAs. Collectively, methylation at G residues close to the anticodon may be possible at different positions and without restriction of anticodon 3rd base A, C, U or G.
Highlights
Bacteria and Trm2 in Eukarya [9, 10]
TRNA is an intermediate molecule and it is a class of small RNA modifications have been identified in the highly being present in Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota [1, 2]. conserved anticodon stem and loop (ASL) domain base at Generally it consists of 73 to 93 RNA nucleotides which are position 37 which is next to the anticodon site and it is highly involved in the translation process along with the complex of prone to modification by Transfer RNA (tRNA) m1G37 methyltransferase ribosome, mRNA, tRNA with amino acids and co-factors (TrmD) which results an addition of methyl group (CH3) to involved in the synthesis of proteins [3]
Computational analysis of tRNAs in three domains disclosed that m1G37 modification might occur at different positions (36th, 37th, 38th, 39th, or 40th) and the anticodon position is not constant in all the tRNAs
Summary
Bacteria and Trm in Eukarya [9, 10]. In tRNAs, more than 100tRNA is an intermediate molecule and it is a class of small RNA modifications have been identified in the highly being present in Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota [1, 2]. conserved anticodon stem and loop (ASL) domain base at Generally it consists of 73 to 93 RNA nucleotides which are position 37 which is next to the anticodon site and it is highly involved in the translation process along with the complex of prone to modification by tRNA m1G37 methyltransferase ribosome, mRNA, tRNA with amino acids and co-factors (TrmD) which results an addition of methyl group (CH3) to involved in the synthesis of proteins [3]. Conserved anticodon stem and loop (ASL) domain base at Generally it consists of 73 to 93 RNA nucleotides which are position 37 which is next to the anticodon site and it is highly involved in the translation process along with the complex of prone to modification by tRNA m1G37 methyltransferase ribosome, mRNA, tRNA with amino acids and co-factors (TrmD) which results an addition of methyl group (CH3) to involved in the synthesis of proteins [3] It has special segments guanosine (G) base next to the anticodon [7, 11, 12]. The modified segments, several modifications occur resulting in nucleosides m1G37 position of tRNA are present in all posttranscriptional modification of tRNA which influences the organisms including the smallest organisms like the Mycoplasma tRNA folding, stability and accuracy of translation process [7, genitalium and this modification occurs in chloroplast and
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