Exploring flaxseed's potential in enhancing bone health: Unveiling osteo-protective properties

Abstract

Flaxseed, also known as Linum usitatissimum L., is a valuable grain that can significantly prevent bone deterioration and promote bone health. Flaxseed plays a distinctive role in bone formation and growth. Flaxseed contains lignans, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), soluble and insoluble fibers, B vitamins, magnesium (Mg) and manganese. The recent nutritional characterization of flaxseed has underscored its importance as a crucial grain in diets aimed at enhancing bone mineral density (BMD) and reducing osteoporosis risk factors. Flaxseed plays a distinctive role in bone formation and growth evident in the elevation of bone production markers, increased BMD, enhanced biomechanical properties, structural changes in the femur, higher total and vertebral bone density and content, increased total bone surface area, raised osteocalcin levels and improved bone thickness. Omega-3 (ω-3) PUFAs are favorably connected with BMD and have beneficial effects on the control of bone metabolism. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an essential fatty acid (FA), plays a crucial role in promoting bone health. In recent years certain experimental trials have supported the bone protective efficacy of flaxseed in different forms like oil, flour, extract and powder. These studies have conclusively shown that the inclusion of flaxseed in our diet can significantly prevent bone deterioration and promote bone health.