Abstract
From the point of view of ecological environment protection, the concepts of biodiversity, carbon sequestration, water production and culture have been selected to evaluate the ecosystem services of Guanzhong-Tianshui Economic Zone. A multi-criterion decision-making method is applied to select the expedient protected area of the study area, which can provide abundant natural resources and a basis for the maintenance of ecological balance. In this paper, by setting up different risk values and weights to calculate OWA (ordered weighted averaging) operator, the scenario of the expedient protected area with the highest tradeoff value is selected. This study analyzes and evaluates ecosystem services in the study area by combining natural and human factors, and the OWA operator is used to balance the trade-offs between different ecosystem services, as well as select the expedient protected areas, which provides a reference for improving ecosystem services in the study area.
Highlights
With the intensive study of ecosystem structure, function and process, the concept of ecosystem services is constantly developing
Because the concept of ecosystem services is centered on the provision of the well-being of humans [5,6], it is challenging to maximize the benefits between different ecosystem services simultaneously; there are varying degrees of trade-offs and synergistic relations among the different ecosystem services [7,8]
The SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) model adopted in this paper divides the Weihe River Basin (Guantian Section) into 157 subbasins according to the threshold of the minimum catchment area of the stator basin and specific conditions, such as the land use type and soil properties of the research area
Summary
With the intensive study of ecosystem structure, function and process, the concept of ecosystem services is constantly developing. Because the concept of ecosystem services is centered on the provision of the well-being of humans [5,6], it is challenging to maximize the benefits between different ecosystem services simultaneously; there are varying degrees of trade-offs and synergistic relations among the different ecosystem services [7,8]. One of the four basic categories of ecosystem services, have undergone slower development than other services, owing to the difficulties associated with quantitative evaluation [11]. Cultural ecosystem service values relate to the nonmaterial benefits that people derive from the ecosystem, through spiritual satisfaction, cognitive development, thinking, recreation and aesthetic experience [12]. We select some factors such as landscape aesthetics, historical culture, and spiritual satisfaction, and quantify them through such methods as social evaluation and expert assessment. The present study integrates the natural and humanistic factors of ecosystem services and allows for better integration of cultural services within the broader ecosystem services framework
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