Abstract
Previous studies have mostly examined how sustainable cities try to promote non-motorized travel by creating a walking-friendly environment. Such existing studies provide little data that identifies how the built environment affects pedestrian volume in high-density areas. This paper presents a methodology that combines person correlation analysis, stepwise regression, and principal component analysis for exploring the internal correlation and potential impact of built environment variables. To study this relationship, cross-sectional data in the Melbourne central business district were selected. Pearson’s correlation coefficient confirmed that visible green ratio and intersection density were not correlated to pedestrian volume. The results from stepwise regression showed that land-use mix degree, public transit stop density, and employment density could be associated with pedestrian volume. Moreover, two principal components were extracted by factor analysis. The result of the first component yielded an internal correlation where land-use and amenities components were positively associated with the pedestrian volume. Component 2 presents parking facilities density, which negatively relates to the pedestrian volume. Based on the results, existing street problems and policy recommendations were put forward to suggest diversifying community service within walking distance, improving the service level of the public transit system, and restricting on-street parking in Melbourne.
Highlights
Walking and the built environment are considered to be very important aspects for sustainable cities due to their environmental benefits especially when considering that the demand on energy production will inevitably increasing with population growth [1,2]
A high restaurant seating density area in the Melbourne central business district (CBD) is associated with a high level of land-use mix degree, employment density, parking facility density, intersection density, and public transit stop density
This study explores the correlation between built environment variables and pedestrian volume in the high-density area
Summary
Walking and the built environment are considered to be very important aspects for sustainable cities due to their environmental benefits especially when considering that the demand on energy production will inevitably increasing with population growth [1,2]. Scholars and practitioners often consider the built environment variables as a reflection of the urban fabric and a significant component that influences travel behaviour [3,4]. The present study intends to bridge this research gap by introducing new methods to explore the relationship between built environment variables and pedestrian volume. This paper aims to identify walking peak periods and to determine the relationship between the built environment factors and the pedestrian volume of 52 pedestrian counting sensors in the Melbourne central business district (CBD).
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