Abstract
Orientation: This study seeks to identify the most important dimensions related to restaurant dining among middle-of-the-pyramid consumers. Research purpose: This article aims to determine the expectations of South African middle-of-the-pyramid (MOP) consumers during a dining experience. Motivation for the study: To develop an up-market segmentation framework that will assist restaurateurs to reposition themselves to better understand the needs of MOP consumers. Research design, approach and method: Both qualitative and quantitative methods were followed. The sample in the study consisted of 18 interviewees and 363 respondents selected from full-service restaurants in Gauteng Province. Exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation was used to analyse the dining experience dimension items, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to achieve the objective of the study. Qualitative data was analysed using a constant comparative method. Confirmed themes and patterns were determined by the frequency with which each was mentioned for similarities, differences and general patterns. Main findings: The results show that on a six-point Likert scale, the commonality between the various dining experience dimensions was relatively high, ranging from 0.377 to 0.768. The dining experience dimension items yielded eight factors that were interpretable. The coefficient alpha varied between 0.69 and 0.92 for all eight dining experience dimensions. The eight underlying dimensions (service, social, food, layout, restaurant health, atmosphere, food health and accessibility) are independent variables that influence MOP consumers in their choice with respect to dining out, but each dining experience dimension has a particular level of importance. Practical/managerial implications: The findings of this research have implications for the restaurant industry. Restaurateurs targeting this MOP customer segment should do so by using a unique marketing mix that applies the eight dimensions identified in this study to this segment’s dining experience. Contribution/value-add: This article offers the South African restaurant service sector increased insight into the South African MOP market segment’s dining behaviour, and proposes and confirms the implications for their expected dining experience dimensions.
Highlights
The rapidly growing black middle class, referred to as middle-of-the-pyramid (MOP) consumers, has been one of the most noticeable phenomena in post-apartheid society, and has played an important role in reshaping the South African society (Lappeman & Neethling 2017)
The eight underlying dimensions are independent variables that influence MOP consumers in their decision-making with respect to dining out, but each dining experience dimension has a particular level of importance
The South African studies (Kruger & Saayman 2016) did not consider the importance of the social dining experience dimension, which was noted as being least important in this study and in DINEX
Summary
The rapidly growing black middle class, referred to as middle-of-the-pyramid (MOP) consumers, has been one of the most noticeable phenomena in post-apartheid society, and has played an important role in reshaping the South African society (Lappeman & Neethling 2017) They tend to attract researchers as a result of possible new theoretical and practical contributions in relation to international trends in the buying behaviour of this segment (African Development Bank 2011). The movement of South African marketers to focus on the more prosperous segments is reflected in similar trends in emerging markets in developing countries, but the growing MOP is more composite because of the diversity of the market and its ‘cultural paradox’ and heterogeneous nature (Potgieter, Wiese & Strasheim 2013) This market segment is still underestimated and sometimes overlooked by marketers, especially in leisure behaviour and consumption (Kruger & Saayman 2014). Research on the factors that influence MOP http://www.actacommercii.co.za
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