Exploring Disinformation in Modern Public Opinion Warfare—Insights from the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

Abstract

This study aims to explore the use and strategic differences of disinformation in modern information warfare. Through a systematic analysis of disinformation on social media platforms in China and the United States during the fifth large-scale Gaza conflict (including time series, content dissemination, and network analysis), the research examines the consistency of information strategies by conflicting parties towards third-party nations. Results indicate significant differences between the two countries in terms of dissemination content and public attention. China’s closed network environment makes its citizens more susceptible to disinformation related to domestic affairs and vulnerable populations. In contrast, the diversified network environment in the United States fosters a broader spread of misinformation. Finally, the study summarizes the characteristics of disinformation in modern information warfare. The findings provide valuable insights for government agencies in countering malicious disinformation and offer new perspectives and approaches for the international community in safeguarding cyber information security and promoting the healthy development of public opinion ecosystems.