Exploring Consumer Palatability of Australian Beef Fajita Meat Enhanced with Phosphate or Sodium Bicarbonate.

Andrea Garmyn,Nicholas Hardcastle,Clay Bendele,Rod Polkinghorne,Mark Miller

doi:10.3390/foods9020177

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the consumer eating quality of five Australian beef muscles (outside skirt/diaphragm, inside skirt/transversus abdominis, inside round cap/gracilis, bottom sirloin flap/obliquus abdominis internus, and flank steak/rectus abdominis) served as fajita strips. All the muscles were divided in half and enhanced (12%) with a brine solution containing either phosphate, a “clean label” ingredient sodium bicarbonate, or not enhanced. Muscle and enhancement independently influenced (P < 0.01) tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and overall liking. Overall, the bottom sirloin flap was liked the most (P < 0.05) when compared with all the other muscles, while the inside round cap was liked less but did not differ (P > 0.05) from the inside skirt or flank steak. Samples enhanced with sodium bicarbonate were the most (P < 0.05) tender and juicy; samples enhanced with phosphate were intermediate, and the control samples were the least tender and juicy, regardless of the muscle. Flavor and overall liking were similar (P > 0.05) between clean and phosphate-enhanced samples, and both were liked more than the control samples. Enhancement was necessary for acceptable eating quality of all the muscles evaluated in this study; however, the inside round cap was the least suitable. These results indicate that a “clean label” enhanced fajita product is possible without compromising cooking yield or consumer satisfaction.

Highlights

The global beef industry strives to produce and deliver consistent, high-quality beef products that meet expectations for consumer eating quality
The samples enhanced with sodium bicarbonate were the most (P < 0.05) tender and juicy, the samples enhanced with phosphate were intermediate, and the control samples were the least tender and juicy, regardless of muscle or Meat Standards Australia (MSA) grade
The bottom sirloin flap was liked most overall compared with all the other muscles, while the inside round cap was liked less but did not differ from the inside skirt or flank steak

Summary

Introduction

The global beef industry strives to produce and deliver consistent, high-quality beef products that meet expectations for consumer eating quality. Lees et al [3] found that infusion with kiwifruit extract improved consumer scores for eating quality of the longissimus lumborum and biceps femoris. Many researchers have explored the use of non-meat ingredients, such as phosphate and salt, to enhance beef quality and sensory characteristics [2,4,5,6,7,8]. These studies examined the enhancement of beef longissimus dorsi, muscles from the chuck (complexus, serratus ventralis, splenius, subscapularis, supraspinatus, and triceps brachii), biceps

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