Abstract
In this discussion paper, we explore the challenges of conducting e-mental health intervention research among Asian American women and propose a model for addressing these barriers. Based on an extensive literature review, we identify two main types of barriers to conducting e-mental health intervention research among Asian American women: recruitment barriers and adherence barriers. Recruitment barriers are further subcategorized into those related to (1) stigmatized cultural beliefs about mental illness and mental health services; (2) lack of awareness about mental health services; and (3) language barrier. As to adherence barriers, the two identified subtypes concern (1) acuity and severity of mental health condition; and (2) lack of time. In order to enhance recruitment and adherence in e-mental health intervention research among the studied population, we formulate the following three main research strategies, namely: (1) considering the cultural and social contexts of Asian American women in the development of e-mental health interventions; (2) determining appropriate program length; and (3) conducting feasibility studies to test e-mental health interventions. We suggest that nurse researchers integrate our proposed model in conducting e-mental health interventions among Asian American women. Our proposed model also implies that nurses play an important role in encouraging Asian American women’s acceptance of and adherence to e-mental health interventions. In order to overcome the obstacles to conducting e-mental health research among Asian American women, we recommend that nurses familiarize themselves with credible, relevant, and evidence-based e-mental health resources and integrate online mental health services and information within their nursing practice.
Highlights
In recent decades, the ever-growing demand for mental health services has started to exceed the number of available mental health professionals, resulting in limited options for individuals seeking access to medication prescriptions and referral to specialists (Mar et al, 2014)
A rapid growth of e-mental health research offers a promise of increased access to mental health care, for those who would not otherwise access face-to-face treatments and programs (Lal & Adair, 2014)
Thereafter, we explored the barriers to conducting e-mental health intervention research among existing e-mental health studies not targeted to Asian American women
Summary
The first category of barriers we identified in relation to conducting e-mental health intervention research among Asian American women are recruitment barriers. These barriers relate to the factors affecting the successful rates of recruiting Asian American women as participants in e-mental health intervention research In essence, these barriers are based on the phenomenon of acceptance, which is operationally defined as the intention to use a technology (Venkatesh, Morris, Davis, & Davis, 2003). We identified three subcategories of recruitment barriers that prevent Asian American women from participating in e-mental health intervention research: (1) stigmatized cultural beliefs about mental illness and mental health services, (2) lack of awareness about mental health services, and (3) language barrier. In what follows, these three types of recruitment barriers are discussed in further detail
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