Abstract
The present work reports the bioremediation ability of cow dung isolated bacterial strain Cellulosomicrobium cellulans KHP3 identified by applying PCR amplification and rRNA gene sequencing. The potential of C. cellulans KHP3 to tolerate different concentrations of heavy metals was investigated by growing the novel strain on nutrient agar medium supplemented with increasing concentrations (in ppm) of heavy metals i.e., Chromium (50–1500) Copper (50–200), and Zinc (50–200). The strain KHP3 displayed maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) of 1500 ppm against Chromium while 200 ppm was observed for Copper and Zinc. The strain KHP3 was found to be very effective in the removal of Chromium as indicated by 59.8% removal percentage followed by Zinc (36.6%) and Copper (20.4%) after 72 h of incubation at 37 °C. The higher biosorption capacity of our strain was achieved against Chromium (349.6 mg/g) followed by Zinc (198.8 mg/g) and Copper (58.6 mg/g) which reflects the potential of bacterial strain to absorb a greater amount of heavy metal ions. Following bioremediation assay, the strain C. cellulans KHP3 was subjected to FE-SEM coupled with EDS and FTIR to confirm surface morphological and physiochemical changes resulting from heavy metal adsorption. FE-SEM observation provided substantial information on the immobilization ofChromium, Copperand Zincions on the bacterial cell surface while EDS peaks revealed surface bio-sorption of these heavy metals. The binding of heavy metals on the surface of C. cellulans KHP3 was proved through FTIR study which revealed the involvement of various functional groups acting as surface ligand such as hydroxyl, carbonyl, and amine present on bacterial surface. Moreover, studies based on Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin isotherm models were also done to further validate the adsorption mechanism of our strain. The significant R 2 values of 0.9983 and 0.9852 observed in case of Chromium and Zinc respectively depicted monolayer adsorption. On the other hand, R 2 value 0.7959 in case of Copper significantly revealed multilayer adsorption mechanism. The findings highlight the biosorption ability of Cellulosomicrobium cellulans KHP3 for heavy metals that may be explored in the remediation of environmental pollutants.
Published Version
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