Exploring barriers and facilitators for effective implementation of a physical activity project for people with dementia based on the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR)

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundAlthough recent studies show that physical activity (PA) may be beneficial for persons with dementia (PwD) [1], their participation in PA is still low compared to healthy older adults [2]. Therefore, there is a need for a further increase in comprehension regarding both barriers and facilitating factors leading to PA promotion in PwD. The main objective of this research was to assess barriers and facilitators during the implementation of a German project designed to promote PA among PwD using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) as an evaluation framework.MethodSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with project leaders and sports trainers participating in the project “Sport bewegt Menschen mit Demenz” (Sport moves people with dementia). This project consisted in implementing PA initiatives for PwD including sport clubs from four German sports associations. In addition, the CFIR guided data collection and analysis.ResultsIn total, twenty‐one participants were part of the study. The most frequent barriers identified were lack of funding and involvement of persons with dementia. The most reported facilitators were engaged sports trainers/project leaders and positive implementation climate within sports clubs. Future fields of action should be focused on developing networks for improved communication between involved actors; assuring financial opportunities from local, regional, or national institutions; designing enjoyable and secure strategies that encourage PA participation among persons with dementia; spreading education opportunities for sports trainers to develop skills that will guarantee that sports clubs promote the inclusion of people with dementia in PA initiatives.ConclusionThe CFIR framework has the potential to support and facilitate implementation of long‐term PA projects for PwD by making it possible to address factors affecting their success.