Abstract
PurposePersonality functioning is strongly linked to well-being in the general population. Yet, there is a lack of scientific knowledge about the pathways between personality trait facets and emotional, psychological and social well-being in ED patients. The general aim was to examine potential associations between maladaptive personality trait facets and the three main dimensions of well-being.MethodsParticipants were 1187 female eating disorder patients who were referred for specialized treatment. Patients were diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (31.7%), bulimia nervosa (21.7%), binge eating disorder (11%) and other specified eating disorders (35.5%). The Personality Inventory for the DSM 5 (PID-5) was used to measure 25 trait facets, and well-being was measured with the Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF). Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were applied to examine potential associations between personality and well-being while controlling for background and illness characteristics.ResultsPersonality trait facets led to a statistically significant increase of the explained variance in emotional (38%), psychological (39%), and social well-being (26%) in addition to the background and illness characteristics. The personality trait facets anhedonia and depression were strongly associated with all three well-being dimensions.ConclusionPersonality traits may play an essential role in the experience of well-being among patients with EDs. To promote overall mental health, it may be critical for clinicians to address relevant personality trait facets, such as anhedonia and depression, associated with well-being in treatment.Level of evidenceLevel V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Highlights
Personality trait facets are relatively stable patterns of behaviors, cognitions, and emotions, which develop during childhood and adolescence
The most severe maladaptive personality trait facets (M ≥ 1.50) among eating disorders (EDs) patients were found for the following trait facets: emotional lability submissiveness, anxiousness, rigid perfectionism, and distractibility
The model in step 1, with age, start age ED, BMI kg/m2, ED diagnosis, personality disorder, and other psychiatric disorder as independent variables was statistically significant in predicting emotional well-being (EWB) [R2 = 0.15, F (10, 1154) = 20.94, p < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.15], psychological well-being (PWB) [R2 = 0.13, F (10, 11540) = 16.79, p < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.12] and Social well-being (SWB) [R2 = 0.06, F (10, 1154) = 7.00, p < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.05]
Summary
Personality trait facets are relatively stable patterns of behaviors, cognitions, and emotions, which develop during childhood and adolescence. Traits can be placed on a continuum from normality to pathology (dimensional), which means that they can develop in a healthy way or become maladaptive [1]. Personality traits are strongly linked with the experience of subjective and psychological well-being (PWB) in the general population [2]. Subjective well-being, described as emotional well-being (EWB), consists of three dimensions, life satisfaction, positive, and negative affect [3]. PWB or Eudaimonic well-being is about living a good life and is conceptualized in six dimensions; self-acceptance, positive relationships, autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, and purpose in life [3].
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