Abstract
Understanding abandoned mine land (AML) changes during land reclamation is crucial for reusing damaged land resources and formulating sound ecological restoration policies. This study combines the linear programming (LP) model and the CLUE-S model to simulate land-use dynamics in the Mentougou District (Beijing, China) from 2007 to 2020 under three reclamation scenarios, that is, the planning scenario based on the general land-use plan in study area (scenario 1), maximal comprehensive benefits (scenario 2), and maximal ecosystem service value (scenario 3). Nine landscape-scale graph metrics were then selected to describe the landscape characteristics. The results show that the coupled model presented can simulate the dynamics of AML effectively and the spatially explicit transformations of AML were different. New cultivated land dominates in scenario 1, while construction land and forest land account for major percentages in scenarios 2 and 3, respectively. Scenario 3 has an advantage in most of the selected indices as the patches combined most closely. To conclude, reclaiming AML by transformation into more forest can reduce the variability and maintain the stability of the landscape ecological system in study area. These findings contribute to better mapping AML dynamics and providing policy support for the management of AML.
Highlights
The intensive extraction of mining resources has pushed a considerable number of mines toward resource exhaustion, leading to large abandoned mine land (AML) areas
This study addresses the following objectives: (i) how to design multi-scenario characteristics for simulating AML transformations using the coupled linear programming (LP) and CLUE-S models and (ii) how to analyze landscape pattern changes based on simulated maps and determine which scenario is better for ecological sustainable development
Soil organic matter was derived from a 1:5 million soil map, and the Generally, in this study, we developed LP and CLUE-S models to characterize the land-use distance to the nearest road, railroad, river, main town, and rural resident sites were calculated by using change process after land reclamation
Summary
The intensive extraction of mining resources has pushed a considerable number of mines toward resource exhaustion, leading to large abandoned mine land (AML) areas. AML occupies large valuable land resources, and leads to some detrimental effects, such as high levels of soil pollution, soil erosion, landslides, and land desertification [1,2,3,4]. Resource-exhausted cities are in urgent need of industrial transformation to realize sustainable development, which means that large amounts of construction land are required to build new factories, while cultivated land is needed to support the increasing population. Most AML sites are in the center or on the edges of cities [1], which can severely affect urban development and public safety during rapid urbanization.
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